YANCY CASTRO _ for  African Americans in the south after civil war, what challenges did they face?


    After civil war Africans Americans didn't received nothing." A BLEAK FUTURE FOR FREEDMEN " by Samuel Childress think about colored race because we are not acquainted with the whole of it .... we don't see prospect of getting any. This shows that Africans Americans didn't receive nothing. this is why Africans Americans didn't received a better education.




sources: witness for freedom , C Peter Ripley, in 1993 by university of north Carolina press. 

1) What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of thegovernment during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plans?

          In the article "A BLACK FUTURE FOR FREEDOM " by samuel childress  , 1864                        

   it say how an African American feels about this. also it says how he feels about freedmen  in the   

   south  was gloomy he says "we are not acquainted with the whole of ti...To us the prospect seems 

   gloomy.we see no prospect for permanent homes and we sees no prospect of them getting any."This                   

    shows how he feels about it and this also shows  how childress thought  the future for freedmen in the south was "gloomy". I think that one way that the government of the U.S.A could help freedmen helping  there family and what they need . also the African American say how the Government could help the "we think the government  ought  to help us out,in justice to the race who allowed them to get such great southern farm. we think the government  should enable our people to have a home of their own, on which they might hope to earn a living educate their children". this shows how the government could help them  and i think that the government should help African American.

 

3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

In the article "The Views of a Former Confederate Supporter in 1865"says that ''All good citizens deplore about the assassination of president Lincoln'' so that means that when Lincoln died they could've changed the laws that Lincoln made and sighed . So that made some white and some African Americans feel badly about president Lincoln's dead. 

Isabel Paramo

3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

           According to the article,"A Bleak Future For  Freedom", by Samuel Childress 1865;

Samuel and other African Americans had to face their "wicked old" masters to convince

them to give their old slaves taxes.  But that causes the masters to get outraged and that'll create chaos to      both sides.  Samuel explain how "gloomy" the South is going to be in the future when the text 

said, "You desire to know our opinions on the policy of President Andrew Johnson about 

 the colored race.  We see no prospect for permanent homes and we see no prospect of them 

 getting away".  No men were treated equally even if the people were a different

race, in the late 80's was a broken union.

Matt Fiamalua - question 2

Because when white people had problems with black people they say that black people should not be divided because of their skin color and because their also poor. President Lincoln had a comment that he said to the people ''a house divided itself cannot stand '',and that's how the people felt when slaves should be free and live happily but Lincoln emancipated them and the slaves celebrated and start dancing , eating , playing music but it didn't happen because now the slaves became illegal now and now they also weren't property anymore. White people say that they need to offer slaves to fight in the war which they are now part of the union military and that's how white people wanted more troops to fight and that they can win the union war . But many slaves were killed , missing , and were also captured but slaves still try their best fighting and also winning the war in union . Slaves now started to farm in South . But slaves try wanting to own a house and feed their children and keeping them safe and healthy but in the other hand slave parents also trying to educate their kids which they wanted to get their kids to school and learn and attend to a university so they can spend their time studying , reading , and writing by the time they get to school and start learning . But slaves got to school later on and they have to be separate with white people and not interact with them . President Lincoln now decided to emancipate the slaves and let slaves live free and so the union now spread the word to say 'Slaves End ''.

Carlos Hernandez question #1
What did he think the government of the U.S. should do to help the freedman?


In the article "A bleak future for freedman" "you desire to know our opinions on the policy of president Andrew Johnson about the colored race.The government should help by race who allowed them to get such great southern farm.We think the government should enable our people to have a home of their own,on which they might hope to warn a living and educate their children.It is the intention of the government to drive us to our worst enemies to ask for work...?Our race has tilled this land for ages;whatever wealth that has been earned in the south was because of our labor.But what happened to it? It has gone back to the southern hands that are dripping with blood and who have committed some major evil."this supports the idea of how the government should help freedman. According to this article i agree that the government should help the freedman so they have the right to vote and to have a education and to have a job. 

Gabriel Francisco - Question 1

What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of the government during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plans?

The southern black people felt gloomy about government in  November 29 1865. Because Former slaves saw no prospect for permanent homes. Samuel  Childress said that the  government should help former slaves.Samuel had felt cheated out his property . I Found it  a bleak future for freedom 

Angelica Handa - Question 1:
  What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of the government during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plans? 


According to the article, Our Country is Now in a Disturbed Condition, the citizens thought that the government was doing wrong. The government was in a very poor state, and was not following the constitution. Many thought as well that the President's plans weren't right because what he was doing was violating the constitution. "Mr. Johnson disregards the Constitution and instead decides to put military governments over the states. And men are being tried for their lives before the military courts instead of the civil courts. This directly violates of the Constitution since these men being tried are not connected to the army." This quote explains that President Johnson cared more about the military more than he did the states. Also, many people's lives are at stake in military courts instead of the civil courts, and they don't have anything to do with the military.

DANIEL MARTINEZ

 For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

In the letter "A BLEAK FUTURE FOR FREEDMAN" SAMUEL CHILDRESS sent a newspaper company a letter about how "NEGROS" suffered in the south.  "We are not acquainted with the whole of it…To us the prospect seems gloomy.  We see no prospect for permanent homes and we see no prospect of them getting any." Said Childress in his letter to the newspaper.   This shows that the north wasn't helping the slaves find freedom, when they were the ones who told them they were free.  "The profit of it has gone to increase the pride and wickedness of our old masters,while we have been left poor.It cannot be denied that the colored race has earned all this property. Justice should give it back to us. But what happened to it? It has gone back to the Southern hands dripping with blood and who have committed some major evil." All this tells just how much the Southern slaves suffered an we did nothing to help them.

Anthony Bowers O'neal - Question 3

the For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face

The challenges that they face were being hired by there former masters the slave work to get money but the master did not give them the money and the master kept the money for him. The slaves where broke. Most former slaves desperately wanted land to farm but had no money to buy it. Sharecroppers such as these shown rented their land from plantation owners.

Monse Delgado-Question 3

                                                                                                                                                                       3)For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? 3a)What challenges did they face?
     

In the letter "A Bleak Future For Freedman" written by Samuel Childress in November 29, 1865 sent to the editor of the weekly newspaper says how the black suffered in those days because of the low poverty.  "Most of us are use to farm labor, and whatever skills we possess are mainly in that.  Land is dear,and few of us can buy it ."  Also, how the black thought, and  how the government would help.  "We think that the government ought to help us out,in justice to the race who allowed them to get such great Southern farms."   This show how African Americans  suffered in 1865 with no rights and treated like trash. 

TYREE LEWIS - QUESTION 1

RECONSTRUCTION. History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2014. Website. 3-24-2014

What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of thegovernment during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plan

During the reconstruction African Americans where given rights to vote and go to school.

The government during reconstruction sent troops to the south to keep things in order.

The southern whites disliked the fact that the government didn't trust them to get along

with the black people.The blacks disliked the government because the the troops mistreated them and gave them fines for no reason.the northern didn't like the government wasn't fixing the problem in the south so they found a compromise. That didn't work then the KKK was formed.

  

What Were Some Of The Challenges And Hope Did The African Americans Face After The Civil War

3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

Life for African Americans was very hard after the Civil War , Students had to walk three miles in the deep thick black mud everyday just to get to school, which is un fair. They would only get feed pork and sour bread. Black teachers could not buy things on credit only cash. Schools had no windows and when it was raining all the water would poor inside the classrooms. Some times the white police men would let there dogs loose and they would attack the students and adults.

Teachers gave students some light of hope that they would educate them right in 1864 . Teachers gave there students and adults free books after they were destroyed and the colored students took wonderful care of there new book that they could learn from in school.

                  Google Images

Isaiah Vargas - Question 3

For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

 The Union victory in the Civil War in 1865 may have given some 4 million slaves their freedom, but the process of rebuilding the South during the Reconstruction period introduced a new set of significant challenges. new southern state legislatures passed restrictive “black codes” to control the labor and behavior of former slaves and other African Americans. Outrage in the North over these codes eroded support for the approach known as Presidential Reconstruction and led to the triumph of the more radical wing of the Republican Party.

The African Americans weren't treated too differently after the Civil War ended. They were not slaves anymore, but they were still treated as second-class citizens. They still weren't allowed to vote or get better jobs. It took about 100 years for them to be treated equally.

Sources

http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_were_Africans_Americans_being_treated_after_the_civil_war_ended

makayla ferrell lincoln reflection

            African American face the world because after the civil war they had to go out into the world  but the thing is they don't know how to live other place then were they were born.'' but life in general remained harsh and threatening for African American 




     http://www.netplaces.com/american-civil-war/reconstruction-and-remembrance/african-americans-after-the-war.htmns.''

Janiece's post

3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face? 
The source I used was '' A Bleak Future For Freedman''
They have nowhere to go , and  have no Prospect of having there own home. 

They had no money ,so they wanted to hire out  to their masters but the masters didn't like them.They are not receiving any help from the government to get their homes and educate their children.  

3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?



  Before, black people couldn't vote. They could't buy a house either. But later the people got a law passed that said they can vote and do other stuff. They also got the 13, 14 and 15 amendment passed.

) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face? In report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, Department of the gulf The perspective of teachers at African Americans schools in 1864 by the us army                                                                                                       

 The african Americans teachers use to walk three miles to go teach and walk in mud and there shoes came off. The students use to learn in a classroom that had no floors 

K

       

                

M   MLA citations: Silvey,Anita. i'll pass for your comrade. New york: clarion books, 2008. (PRINT)  

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What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of the government during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plans?





In the article,"Our Country is now in a Disturbed Condition,The view of a Former Confederate Supporter in 1865" says that "Mr.Johnson"(The new president,after Lincoln)"Disregards the Constitution and instead decides to put military government the over the states. And men are even tried for their lives before military courts instead of civil courts.This directly violates of the Constitution since these men being tried are not connected to the Army." Just because of this sudden of Emancipation,the Negro's has been transformed from a peaceful laborer who is used to getting what he needs from his master to a self-reliant citizen will paralyze the productive resources of the South.

According to the article "A Bleak Future for Freedman" African Americans in the South faced challenges like not getting permanent homes or not getting any at all,the government pushing them to work for there enemies (white people), and the profits that they earned as slaves are going to their  former masters while they are left poor. It also shows the  beliefs of a former slave on how the government is treating them(former slaves). He says they  should help the former slaves who gave them such great farms in the South he also believes that the government should let them have homes of their own where they could earn a living and educate their children.

2.) Ze'Vonte's Respond

 How did the views of white and black Southerners differ concerning the future of African Americans?

In the passage I read the text said it was split with the white people. The colored people where all out for freedom for their generation and to the next and forever. But for the white people that's a different story, economy was falling apart, people debated their freedom and was split in the middle. Soon the people just soon as the cared gave up and economy was regained with partial freedom in United States. To conclude, the economy re-gained their solitude and justice.

Elijaah lopez, Anthony leon, Eathan romero--question 3

3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

African Americans faced challenges such as segregation, as they had limits to own/rent land and had to live by the "black code". On the bright side the finally had the right to vote and most African Americans stayed working as farmers, blacksmithing, or carpenters. Most African Americans stayed and lived with their owners while others went out in search or land and opportunity
source:
www.civilwar.com

For more information visit
www.history.com

Millen Arradaza

Millen Arradaza

For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

The biggest hardships the African Americans had to deal with was very challenging. Especially the transition into civilians were very complicated. One of them is when the Union destroyed their four largest southern cities , Atlanta, Charleston, Columbia, and Richmond. Many other parts were also burned down as well. Plus, the travel from home to school for children was extremely hard. Most walking up to three miles to walk to school and back. Mud almost going up to their ankles. Teachers had to deal with the many insults they were told for being black teachers. And the buildings where they held the classes weren't very stable. Roofs which had many holes that would let rain fall in. Not even a proper floor to walk on. But at least they had the decent education they yearned for. The South received a small quantity of food that couldn't even fill their stomachs. Which didn't help as much. After the acts they were being treated with such brutality they filed many complaints. Since then they felt pretty accomplished. 

         
         Aylin Alvarez Aguilar - For African Americans In The South After The Civil War, What Help Did They Receive? What Challenges Did They Face?
  
 
     '' The Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 freed African Americans in rebel states, and after the civil war, the thirteenth amendment emancipated all U.S. slaves wherever they were. As a result, the mass of southern blacks now faced the difficulty northern blacks had confronted that of a free people surrounded by many hostile whites. ''


 
     Source; http://memory.loc.gov


     Source; www.civilwar.org.../african-atteretc.

kenan Mirou-question3
in 1865, the civil war ended on the hands of Abraham Lincoln and his powerful army. Bringing peace and ending the chaos and the destruction all over the US but after ending slavery it was Lincoln's duty to give the slaves their rights and he did, the 13th amendment abolished slavery and freed four million African Americans. Also two other amendments were added 15th amendment which gave them the right to vote and the fourteenth amendment which helped them with getting their citizenship so that was the beginning of a new era for Americans because they were starting to rebuild their country together and that period of time was called the reconstruction and it wasn't an easy thing to do because a big part of the country was totally destroyed. In addition, African Americans didn't easily get their rights they had to ask and fight for it    

Duc Bui - Question 3

Question 3:

For African American in the South after the Civil War, what happen help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

In the article " Report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, Department of Gulf" said, African American is now allow to learn, but white people still doesn't support the ideas. As a result, white people started to throwing bricks at the African American teacher's house, and they release dog to bite the African American students, so white people thinks that negro should not be able to have education.For more information:

For more information:

Foner, Erick; and Mahoney, Olivia. America's Reconstruction: People and Politic after the Civil War. Richmond: HarperPerennial, 2003.(Print)

  After the Civil War, African American can control their own life and not being owned by whites. Also, they could come and go when ever they pleased, and takes their own decisions for their own family. Additionally, Cities gives various opportunities to both black and whites workers, and cotton is still the most important cash crop in South. In the South, a political mobilized the black community to join the Republican party to power, and the United State of America added the 14 and 15 Amendment to the Constitution that is guarantee black civil right and giving them the right to vote. As a result, they created a new government in the South elected by black and white, this is America's first experience in interracial democracy.

Yun Liu - Question 3

3)For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

I think After civil war, African Americans didn't receive any thing. According to A Black Future for Freedman by Samuel Childress,"...about colored race. We are not acquainted with the whole of it...To us the prospect seems gloomy. We see no prospect for permanent homes and we see no prospect of them getting any." This shows that African Americans didn't get anything, they can't stay with their family, also they are homeless. But African Americans also feel happy after civil war. According to Reconstruction and Its Aftermath," African Americans enjoyed a period when they were allowed to vote, actively participate in the political process, acquire the land of former owners, seek their own employment, and use public accommodations." This shows that African Americans are happy because they have freedom, unlike during civil war they can't do any thing by themselves.

Reconstruction and Its Aftermath. African American Odyssey. Web. March 26
Childress Samuel. A Black Future for Freedman. Tennessee,1865.(print)

fernando martinez - question 2

How did the views of white and black Southerners differ concerning the future of African Americans?

A.A. started to get power to vote and started being allies with other white organizations but the souths white community wanted to take the a.a. power and restore the home rule. Under slavery the A.A. were separated from all they knew( friends and relatives).

for more information:

http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/reconstruction-americas-first-attempt-integrate

HongLiang Dong - Question 3

Q3.

       For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?


According to the article "The Education of African Americans After the Civil War " said the government did raise taxes in order to appropriate money for public education. Proponents of this had various rationalizations. First, throughout the post-war South there were much lower literacy and school attendance rates among blacks and whites, as compared to the North. Furthermore, Southern families grew in size, meaning there were more children to send to school. Finally, given the hard economic times, the Southern states struggled to pay teachers and upkeep school buildings unless they taxed. Not everyone favored these taxes, though, and as McClure wrote, it caused " our state to disagree."

Source:    Edward L.Ayers, The Promise of the New South (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 417-420.

Unfortunately, though, with the turn of the century, Edward Ayers notes that "black in the south paid for schools for whites--not the other way around. The more black citizens in a country, the greater the benefits to white students." Racial tensions would not disappear for some time.
           

Tatiana Romero  
3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

    After the Civil War,African  Americans in the south receive a better education.  Some school being broke open, on successive night, for the past moths, have been hurled thought the windows.  They risked they life. The school didn't have floors, they have to walk three miles to get to there school.  Also  teacher were insulted for being black.

source: The Report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, Department of the Gulf, for the Year 1864 by the U.S.Army, printed in 1865 in New Orleans, available on Google Books 

Kayla Rivera 

    

             Source; www.history..com. A&E Television Networks LLC , 2014      

Magnus Adams - Question 1

In 1865, most if not all soldiers in the civil war were brought peace from the end of the war. Permanent units in the army were dispersed out of service. Former southern soldiers returned to their rural fields and farms. Southerners had endured far-reaching changes due to confederate defeat. Slavery being abolished is definitely what led to the conflict between black people trying to embrace the importance of  their freedom from white people's control.

Source: America's Reconstruction. 2003. (web). 2014
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/exhibits/reconstruction/section2/section2_intro.html
Source2: Civil War. (web). 2014
http://www.civilwar.com/overview/soldier-life/148559-life-after-the-civil-war.html

After the Civil War

Kayla Rivera
 
              Question; For African Americans in the South after the Civil war, what help did they  recieve? What challenges did they face?


                   After the Civil War, African American women not only got a better education, they were also taught domestic skills such as nursing,cooking, laundering, and housekeeping at colleges such as Tuskegee,Hampton, and Howard University. With that help, they were able to use those skills to open resturants and become great entrepeneurs. However, some challenges that they were facing were that students had to walk about three miles a day, ankles deep in thick black mud and barely eating with pork and sour bread--- teachers also being insulted for being a ''Black Teachers''.


                    Source; The Report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, Department of the Gulf, for the Year 1864 by the U.S Army, printed in 1865 in New Orleans, available on Google Books

Dylan Rogers- Question 3

   African Americans that were freed after the civil war got aid from the Bureau of Refugees, Freemen, and abandoned lands.. They tried to aid the almost 4 million freed slaves that lived in the south. This program was helping many former slaves who had nothing after they were freed.. But this ended in 1868. Some of the challenges former slaves faced was the hatred for them, and laws being passed from congress to make them second class citizens.  Laws that forbade them from buying property and voting.

    http://www.netplaces.com/american-civil-war/reconstruction-and-remembrance/african-americans-after-the-war.htm

Ana Sara Malaquais question 3

  Q: For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?
      
       After the Civil War, African Americans in the South received a better education. Some challenges that they faced were schools being broken open; bricks being hurled through the windows; schools not having floors; having to walk three miles a day, sometimes in ankle deep thick black mud that would pull off their shoes; and not being able to afford protection. Also, teachers were insulted for being black and didn't have "a cent of money" and as well, all they had to eat was "strong pork and sour bread". Despite all of these challenges, students were orderly and easily governed. They also were grateful and very interested to learn, they took care of books and school furniture, and they were open to their own freedom.

  Source: The Report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, Department of the Gulf, for the Year 1864 by the U.S. Army, printed in 1865 in New Orleans, available on Google Books 
   

  For more info, you could also take  look at this book:
 Clinton, Catherine. Scholastic Encyclopedia Of The Civil War. New York: Fair street Productions, 1999. (print)

Lester, Julius. From Slave Ship To Freedom Road. New York, New York: Dial Books, 1998. Print. 

Joan Landers

What were the challenges for teachers and students at African American schools?
    
       Students had to walk 3 miles each day in ankle deep mud just to arrive to their classes. They didn't have a lot of variety of food, only strong pork and sour bread. Just barely enough food to fill them up. The teacher would get insulted just for being a so called black. The Provest Marshal says "He don't believe believe in black teachers." The shed that they used as a so called school had no floor. Rain would come threw the holes in the wall where windows are supposed to be. The professor refused to take more than two students because most of the officers are opposed to the idea of negroes. One officer that the professor in this article mentioned would used to make his trained police dog chase the students when walking to and from school. "A great many would come to night-school only they are afraid." The professor said referring to the students. The school house has been broken open, books and furniture destroyed. Bricks were constantly thrown through the windows. The teacher and students had made complaint after complaint about that type of harassment and acts of racism but no act of protection or help was granted.

Robertson, Jr, James. I. Civil War!. New York: A Literacy Guild Selection, 1992. (book).

MORGAN BERG-QUESTION 1

The reconstruction was rebuilding the south and having the southern states come back into the union.  The largest group of voters in the south were African Americans they joined the republican party.  Poor farmers in the south didn't like the Democratic Party, so they were also Republicans.  The southern Democrats didn't like those that weren't Democratic, and they labeled them scalawags, or scoundrel. A fifteenth amendment was created to protect African American men's right to vote. From this I can infer the African American's were in support of the government because they are allowing them to vote and protecting that right. Many people were dedicated to one group and those who didn't agree with them were called names. From this I would think that they weren't feeling too great towards this. Men of color in the Senate and House were seen as studious, earnest and ambitious men. From this I can conclude African Americans felt positive towards the new government, as well as other white people.

For more information:
Hart, Diane. History Alive! The United States through Industrialism. Palo Alto: Teachers' Curriculum Institute. 2005. (print).   

DANIEL MARTINEZ

Meltzer, Milton.  The American Revolutionaries. New York :  Harper Collins Publisher, 1987.(PRINT)

Smith,Rich. The Right To More Rights. Edina:John Hamilton,2008. [print]                                                                                                                         

Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

 Gann, Marjorie. Five Thousand Years Of Slavery. New York:  Tundra Books, 2011. Print 

MONSE DELGADO

King,Casey.  oh,freedom.  Ney York:  Alfred a.knope,1997:(print)

Bolden, Tonya. Emancipation Proclamation. New York: Abrams Books Young Readers, 2013. (PRINT).

-Angelica Handa-

Bolden, Tonya. Emancipation Proclamation. New York: Abrams Books for Young Readers, 2013. (PRINT).

Bial,Raymond.The Underground Railroad.New York,New York:Houghton Mifflin Company,1995.

Ian and Ray's Only Post

In the South, black men were given the freedom to vote and were also able to get jobs that had good pay in the North. They ended up just like the pilgrims who first landed on the Mayflower. However, it was hard to because there was so much discrimination in the South so they couldn't get decent jobs. Over all, we don't think that the government helped the the freed slaves all that much.

   FOR MORE INFORMATION:

        Altman, Susan. Reconstruction, America's First Attempt to Integrate. New York, Facts on File, Inc. (Electronic)

Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

S  Stepto, Michele. Our Song, Our Toil.  Brookfield:  The Millbrook Press, 1994.  Print.

Angel Cejin - Question #3

 For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help
did they receive? What challenges did they face?

      A lot of the slaves that were separated from their families because of slavery were able to reunite with them.Also the slaves started their own churches and schools, looking for economic autonomy, and demanding equal civil and political rights.In 1865 and 1866 many white Southerners joined memorial associations that established Confederate cemeteries and monuments throughout the region. Others, unwilling to accept a new relationship to former slaves, resorted to violent opposition to the new world being created around them."America's Reconstruction"


 

Maria Guerrero ~ Question # 3

     
     Reconstruction was intended to give African-

Americans the chance for a new and better life. Many of 

them stayed with their old masters after being freed, 

while others left in search of opportunity through 

education as well as land ownership. 
       

For more information:

       MLA Citation:
"Black Status: Post Civil War America." 123HelpMe.com. 25 Mar 2014 
    (http://www.123HelpMe.com/view.asp).

Michel Kam - Question 3

For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face? 

The African didn't received help because they didn't get their freedom after the Civil War, for they were promised to be freed. But they are still working as slave.

For more info look for THE HISTORY OF THE RECONSTRUCTION - AMERICAN CIVIL WAR and George, Charles. Black Nationalism. Detroit: Lucent boos, 2009. (Print).

Meethana Singh-Question 2

How did the views of white and black Southerners differ concerning the future of African Americans?

 

The views of white and black Southerners differed concerning the future of African Americans because White Southerners believed that African Americans were ignorant, lazy, dishonest, and responsible for bad government during reconstruction .

Info from:

http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/reconstruction-americas-first-attempt-integrate

"In short, Reconstruction was America's first attempt at interracial democracy. For much of the 20th century, virtually all writings highlighted this era as one of constant filthy conditions politically and socially. Nearly all attempts by Lincoln and his successor Andrew Johnson were undermined by the vindictive political schemes of the Republican Party. Corruption followed, led by crooked Carpetbaggers (Northerners who pimped the surplus of the government), Scalawag voters in particular (Southerners who cooperated with the Republicans for personal gain), and ignorant and naive free black people who were incapable of exercising the new political power that had been granted to them.

Soon after Reconstruction began, the South's white community banded together in what they referred to as patriotic organizations like the Ku Klux Klan to overthrow these “black” governments and restore “home rule.” Popularized by films such as “Birth of a Nation,” this belief rested on the assumption that black suffrage was the gravest error of the Civil War period. This helped justify the South's system of racial segregation and the disenfranchisement of black voters in particular. Critical to the debate over Reconstruction were the complex reactions of Southerners, black and white, to the end of slavery. To African-Americans, freedom meant independence from white control and their families stood as the initial pillar of the post emancipation difference."

1) What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of the government during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plans?

   Keyanna Sauceda -Question 1 

 In the document " The Views of a Former Confederate Supporter in 1996 " A white southerner supporter of the Confederacy Edwin H. McCaleb states feels like after lincoln got assassinated  , President Johnson ignores the constitution and put military governments over the states. According to the letter that McCaleb wrote he states that , " Mr.Johnson disregards (ignores) the Constitution and instead decides to put military governments over the states." Also this directly violates of the Constitution . McCaleb feels bad about Lincoln's assassination . Lincoln was a great man and the country could not  afford to lose his services during important crisis.

Damon,Duane.When This Cruel War Is Over. Minneapolis: lerner Publications Company, 1996 (PRINT)

Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

Robertson,jr James I. Civil War America Becomes One Nation. New York:  Pan-American Copyright. 1992. (print)

Nate Vongchampa

                           Why Lincoln decided to issue the Emancipation Proclamation???

In 1862,abolitionist pressured radicals within his own party had helped Lincoln pushed toward his action.Manpower was increased as the war was dragged and also sound of military strategy.Lincoln administration prevented most Europeans powers to recognize the Confederacy.

trinity waters post

Carey,Jr.Charles W. THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION  BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 1861


Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication
 What did Americans (Northern and Southern, black and white) think of the government during Reconstruction – military occupation of the South, civil rights laws, and the president’s plans?

 In the article ''Our Country Is Now Disturbed Condition'' one of the black slaves was talking about how president was a really good person. Lots of them got help from the military but there were a lot of civil laws that were happening after the war. The president plans were to stop slavery one quote was "if we could have a system of gradual emancipation our people would rejoice and be glad to get rid of slavery''. Some men were even tired from the war.  All those law helped the people in the war and after.

Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication. 

B Bolden, Tonya. Emancipation Proclamation. New York: Adams books for young readers, 2013.

  Warren, Andrea. Under Siege. New York : Melanie Kroupa Books, 2009.

  Smith, Carter. Behind The Lines. United States: The Millbrook Press, 1993.

M   3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face? In the report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, department of the gulf The Perspective of Teachers at African American schools in 1864 by The U.S Army, It shows all the hardships African American teachers and students faced after the Civil War. For example " Students did well enough until it rained, and since then they had to walk three miles ankle deep in thick black mud that pulls off shoes.Nothing to eat but strong pork and sour bread" This shows just some of the problems students had to go through. Just Like teachers had to go trough problems to as it says in the article "Insulted for being a 'black teacher.' can't buy anything on credit and i haven't a cent of money." A problem both students and teachers faced was " school shed has no floor " just imagine your classroom having muddy floors instead of concrete. These students received no help as it says in the text "the provost marshall won't help me says he don't believe in (black) teachers." 

   

  

   MLA Citations:

Mettger, Zak. Till Victory Is Won. Dutton Newyork: lodestar books, 1994 (PRINT)

K

Anthony McBride Question 1

                   what was slaves life like after the war?

According to the article "Being an African American after Emancipation" former slaves had a hard time after the emancipation. A slaves fight for freedom became a fight for survival. According to 79 years old former slave James Johnson says"Befo’ de war, niggers did have a place to lie down at night and somewhere to eat, when they got hungry in slavery time.”

 David Lozada- Question 3

 3) For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

 According to the document, "A Bleak Future for Freedman", one struggle for African Americans in the south is that all the money earned from their labor was distributed to their former masters and not given to the people that earned it which left them in poverty. "It can not be denied that the colored race has earned all this property. Justice should give it back to us. But what happend to it? It has gone back to the Southern hands that are dripping with blood and who have committed (done) some major evil."

 Kallen, Stuart. The Civil War And Reconstruction. Edina: Abdo Consulting Group Inc, 2001 (print)

Sierra Prabpan - Question 3

Question 3:

For African Americans in the South after the Civil War, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

The challenge they ( former slaves ) has face were that the whites did not accept that the former slaves decide to learn and began to threaten them and attack the school ( EX. one police officer wanted release the dogs on night class students and people deface the school like throwing things through the window ) they have got their freedom except others ( whites [ former slaves owners or racists ] ) . 

Info from :

Title: Report of the Board of Education for Freedmen, Department of the Gulf

The Perspective of Teachers at African American Schools in 1864

Author: ?

By the end of the Civil War, some 200,000 black soldiers had served in the Union army and navy, staking a claim to citizenship in the postwar nation.

During the war, "rehearsals for Reconstruction" took place in the Union-occupied South. On the South Carolina Sea Islands, the former slaves demanded land of their own, while government officials and Northern investors urged them to return to work on the plantations.

Even though the slaves were given their right for citzenship and freedom people both north and south needed them to work for cash crop and the government didn't want to give them land so it be cheaper for "former slaves" to just go back 

For any addtional information:

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu

The former slaves receive their freedom of liberty and citzenship except other  ( whites [ former slaves owners or racists ] or any other whites who wanted more money ) thought it was a bad thing and had no acceptance it for it and rejected it while also were not given land by government since it be cheaper for them to go back to their old "homes" the plantations.

Nicole Cho - Question 1

     In the article, "Our Country is now in a Disturbed Condition" by Edwin H. McCaleb, a former supporter of the Confederacy, Edwin thought that the government during Reconstruction would pursue a merciful and peaceful course towards those who have striven to be honorable and who have acknowledged ourselves beaten. Mr.Johnson "has disregarded the requirements of the Constitution and undertakes to enact military governments over the states. Because of this, we are now in military courts  being tried for their lives. There was no connection with the Army because  this was a violation of the Constitution. Edwin H. McCaleb planned to use a sudden system of Emancipation so the people could rejoice and abolish slavery.


     For more information:

Glusker, Irwin and Richard M. Ketchum, eds. American Testament. New York :American Heritage Publishing Co.,Inc,1971.Print.

Demaurier question 3

According to the article "A Bleak Future for Freedman" African Americans in the South faced challenges like not getting permanent homes or not getting any at all,the government pushing them to work for there enemies (white people), and the profits that they earned as slaves are going to their  former masters while they are left poor. It also shows the  beliefs of a former slave on how the government is treating them(former slaves). He says they  should help the former slaves who gave them such great farms in the South he also believes that the government should let them have homes of their own where they could earn a living and educate their children.

Jackson, Florence.The Black Man In America. New York: Franklin Watts Inc.,1972. (print)

Brylle Torres - Question 3

For African Americans in the South after the civil war, what did they receive? What Challenges did they face?

After the civil war, Congress established The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and abandoned land on March 4 , 1865(African Americans after the civil war).The bureau was suppose to last for one year but was crippled due to corruption and little funds. It attempted to help 4 million former slaves after the civil war.This same Bureau also helped former slaves work into a free labor economy.The challenges about this was that plantations were still wanted unfair wages and the agency struggled to change to fair wages and opportunity.


http://www.netplaces.com/american-civil-war/reconstruction-and-remembrance/african-americans-after-the-war.htm

Emahjae Hackett - For African Americans in the south after the civil war, what help did they receive? What challenges did they face?

According to memory.lov.gov, Southern Blacks now faced the difficulty Northern Blacks had confronted--that of a free people surrounded by many hostile whites. "For we colored people did not know how to be free and the white people did not know how to have a free colored person about them," says one freedman, Houston Hartsfield Holloway. After the Civil War, African Americans were able to vote, participate in the political process, acquire the land of former owners, seek their own employment, and use public accommodations.

Laura Pogio - Question 3

The African Americans in the South after the Civil War didn't get any help from the government. From the article "A Bleak Future for Freemen", Mr.Rondema provided, a former slave in Nashville wrote a letter to an editor saying, " To us the prospect seems gloomy. We have no permanent homes, and we see no prospect of getting any." This tells me how hopeless African Americans were. I could just imagine families struggled getting through after all the chaos the war brought to the people. They didn't see any bright light from the sun: the help they severely needed. 

Source: Witness for Freedom, edited by C. Peter Ripley, published in 1993 by University of North Carolina Press. 

For more information: 

Source:
 Hakim, Joy. Freedom: A History of U.S. New York: Oxford University Press                                   Inc.,2003. (Print).

Wilbor Lorente's MLA Citation

McKissack, Patricia and Fredrick. Days of Jubilee. United States of America. Scholastic, 2003.

How did the views of white and black Southerners differ concerning the future of African Americans?

Luorong Lamu

 Question A

           According to Our Country is now in a Disturbed Condition in a letter from

1865, Edwin H. McCaleb, a former supporter of the Confederacy, responds to

Abraham Lincoln's death. He also states his distrust towards President Andrew Johnson.

For example, " Mr. Johnson has disregarded the requirements of the constitution &

undertake to enact military governments over the states." This clearly states that he distrust

the new president Andrew Jackson. Edwin H McCaleb also feels that Lincoln was a great

man and the country could not afford to lose such a great, smart and respected person.
 
    
For more information go check out this.....
Clinton, Catherine. Scholastic Encyclopedia Of The Civil War. 
New York: Fair street Productions, 1999. (print)